Definition: Norton's Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single current source and parallel resistance connected to a load.
Norton equivalent circuit
Four steps to follow for Norton’s Theorem:
1. Find the Norton source current by removing the load resistor from the original circuit.
2. Find the Norton current (IN) through a short wire jumping across the open connection points where the load resistor used to be.
3. Find the Norton resistance by removing all power sources in the original circuit (voltage sources shorted and current sources open) and calculating total resistance between the open connection points.
4. Draw the Norton equivalent circuit, with the Norton current source in parallel with the Norton resistance. The load resistor re-attaches between the two open points of the equivalent circuit.
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